About the Authors

Mark J. Butler IV

mbutler@odu.edu

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, United States of America

Donald C. Behringer Jr.

Affiliation School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32653, United States of America

Thomas W. Dolan III

Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, United States of America, Bureau of Fisheries, USVI Department of Planning & Natural Resources, Frederiksted, VI 00840, USVI

Jessica Moss

Affiliation Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia, 23062, United States of America

Jeffrey D. Shields

Affiliation Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia, 23062, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MB DB. Performed the experiments: MB DB TD JM. Analyzed the data: MB DB TD JM JS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MB DB TD JM JS. Wrote the paper: MB DB TD JM JS.