About the Authors

Danielle N. Renner

Affiliations Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Fang Jin

Affiliation Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Adam J. Litterman

Affiliation Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN, United States of America

Alexis J. Balgeman

Affiliation Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Lisa M. Hanson

Affiliation Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Jeffrey D. Gamez

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Michael Chae

Affiliation Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Brett L. Carlson

Affiliation Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Jann N. Sarkaria

Affiliation Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Ian F. Parney

Affiliations Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America, Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

John R. Ohlfest

Affiliation Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN, United States of America

Istvan Pirko

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Kevin D. Pavelko

Johnson.Aaron2@mayo.edu (AJJ); Pavelko.Kevin@mayo.edu (KDP)

Affiliation Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Aaron J. Johnson

Johnson.Aaron2@mayo.edu (AJJ); Pavelko.Kevin@mayo.edu (KDP)

Affiliations Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

Competing Interests

In accordance with PLOS ONE policy regarding potential competing interests, the authors declare funding from a commercial source, the Lefkofsky Family Foundation. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DNR KDP AJJ. Performed the experiments: DNR FJ AJB LMH. Analyzed the data: DNR FJ AJJ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AJL JDG MC BLC JNS IFP JRO IP. Wrote the paper: DNR AJJ.