About the Authors

Yun-Yu Chen

Affiliations Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Yenn-Jiang Lin

Affiliations Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

Eric Chong

Affiliations Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Department of Cardiology, Jurong Health Private Limited, Singapore, Singapore

Pei-Chun Chen

Affiliation Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Taz-Fan Chao

Affiliations Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

Shih-Ann Chen

Affiliations Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

Kuo-Liong Chien

klchien@ntu.edu.tw

Affiliation Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Competing Interests

E.C. is employed by Jurong Health Private Limited. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YYC YJL KLC. Performed the experiments: YYC. Analyzed the data: YYC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: YYC YJL EC PCC TFC SAC KLC. Wrote the paper: YYC YJL EC KLC. Contributed to study design and writing paper: YYC YJL KLC. Contributed to reviewing and revising this work: EC PCC TFC SAC. Accessed the whole datasets and data analyses from the Collaboration Center of Health Information Application, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan: YYC KLC.