About the Authors

Takashi Kawahara

takashi_tk2001@yahoo.co.jp

Affiliations Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan, Department of Urology, Ohguchi Higashi General Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan, Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Hiroshi Miyamoto

Affiliation Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Hiroki Ito

Affiliations Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan, Department of Urology, Ohguchi Higashi General Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Hideyuki Terao

Affiliations Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan, Department of Urology, Ohguchi Higashi General Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Hiroji Uemura

Affiliation Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Yoshinobu Kubota

Affiliation Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Junichi Matsuzaki

Affiliation Department of Urology, Ohguchi Higashi General Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TK JM. Performed the experiments: HI HT. Analyzed the data: TK HM JM. Wrote the paper: HM HU YK.