About the Authors

Masahiro Tominaga

Affiliation Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cyo, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan

Shigeko Kawai-Noma

Affiliation Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cyo, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan

Ikuro Kawagishi

Affiliation Department of Frontier Bioscience, Hosei University, 3-7-2, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan

Yoshiyuki Sowa

Affiliations Department of Frontier Bioscience, Hosei University, 3-7-2, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan, Research Center for Micro-Nano Technology, Hosei University, 3-11-15 Midori-cho, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan

Kyoichi Saito

Affiliation Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cyo, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan

Daisuke Umeno

umeno@faculty.chiba-u.jp

Affiliations Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cyo, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MT SK IK YS KS DU. Performed the experiments: MT. Analyzed the data: MT SK DU. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: IK YS. Wrote the paper: MT DU.