About the Authors

Lin Chen

‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Microbiology Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, Department of Endodontics, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

Bingcai Qin

‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China

Minquan Du

Affiliations The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Microbiology Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, Department of Prevention, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Huanzi Zhong

Affiliation BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China

Qingan Xu

Affiliations The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Microbiology Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Yuhong Li

Affiliation The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Microbiology Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Ping Zhang

fmw@whuss.com (MWF); pingz@uab.edu (PZ)

Affiliation Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Mingwen Fan

fmw@whuss.com (MWF); pingz@uab.edu (PZ)

Affiliation The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Microbiology Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MWF PZ MQD. Performed the experiments: LC QAX YHL. Analyzed the data: BCQ LC HZZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LC BCQ HZZ QAX YHL. Wrote the paper: LC BCQ MWF PZ.