About the Authors

Nicole G. Barra

Affiliations Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Rengasamy Palanivel

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Emmanuel Denou

Affiliations Department of Medicine and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Marianne V. Chew

Affiliations Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Amy Gillgrass

Affiliations Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Tina D. Walker

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Josh Kong

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Carl D. Richards

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Manel Jordana

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Stephen M. Collins

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Bernardo L. Trigatti

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Atherothrombosis Research Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Alison C. Holloway

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Sandeep Raha

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Gregory R. Steinberg

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Ali A. Ashkar

ashkara@mcmaster.ca

Affiliations Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

Ali A. Ashkar is a PLOS ONE Editorial Board member. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE Editorial policies and criteria.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AAA. Performed the experiments: NB RP ED MC AG JK TDW. Analyzed the data: NB AAA SR GS AH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MJ CR BT SR SC GS. Wrote the paper: NB AAA.