About the Authors

John Gounarides

Affiliation Analytical Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Jennifer S. Cobb

Affiliation Analytical Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Jing Zhou

Affiliation Analytical Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Frank Cook

Affiliation Analytical Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Xuemei Yang

Affiliation Analytical Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Hong Yin

Affiliation Analytical Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Erik Meredith

Affiliation Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Chang Rao

Affiliation Analytical Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Qian Huang

Affiliation Developmental and Metabolic Pathways, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

YongYao Xu

Affiliation Developmental and Metabolic Pathways, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Karen Anderson

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Andrea De Erkenez

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Sha-Mei Liao

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Maura Crowley

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Natasha Buchanan

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Stephen Poor

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Yubin Qiu

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Elizabeth Fassbender

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Siyuan Shen

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Amber Woolfenden

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Amy Jensen

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Rosemarie Cepeda

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Bijan Etemad-Gilbertson

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Shelby Giza

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Muneto Mogi

Affiliation Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Bruce Jaffee

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Sassan Azarian

Sassan.Azarian@novartis.com

Affiliation Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors were all full-time employees of the Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, which funded this study, at the time this work was completed. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JG EM QH KA S-ML SP BEG MM BJ SA. Performed the experiments: JG JSC JZ FC XY HY EM CR YX ADE MC NB YQ EF SS AW AJ RC SG. Analyzed the data: JG JSC JZ EM QH KA S-ML SP BEG MM BJ SA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JG EM QH KA S-ML SP BEG SA. Wrote the paper: JG EM QH KA S-ML SP BEG MM BJ SA.