About the Authors

Deirdre S. Stewart

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

David W. Pierce

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Mayo Hotta

Current address: Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of Amerca

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Alex T. Stern

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Stuart A. Forman

saforman@partners.org

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DSS SAF. Performed the experiments: DSS DWP MH ATS. Analyzed the data: DSS DWP MH SAF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SAF. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: DSS ATS SAF.