About the Authors

Brittany E. Alexander

B.E.Alexander@uva.nl or britt.e.alexander@gmail.com

Affiliations Department of Aquatic Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Porifarma B.V. Poelbos 3, Ede, The Netherlands

Kevin Liebrand

Affiliation Department of Aquatic Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Ronald Osinga

Affiliation Porifarma B.V. Poelbos 3, Ede, The Netherlands

Harm G. van der Geest

Affiliation Department of Aquatic Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Wim Admiraal

Affiliation Department of Aquatic Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Jack P. M. Cleutjens

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Bert Schutte

Affiliation Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Research Institute Growth and Development, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Fons Verheyen

Affiliation Electron Microscopy Unit, CRISP, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Marta Ribes

Affiliation Institut de Ciències del Mar-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain

Emiel van Loon

Affiliation Department of Computational Geo-Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Jasper M. de Goeij

Affiliations Department of Aquatic Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Porifarma B.V. Poelbos 3, Ede, The Netherlands

Competing Interests

BEA, RO, and JMdG are affiliated with Porifarma B.V. Porifarma B.V. received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement no KBBE-2010-266033 to undertake the research leading to these results. BEA is employed by Porifarma B.V. under grant agreement no KBBE-2010-266033 from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013). There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BEA RO HGvdG WA JPMC BS JMdG. Performed the experiments: BEA KL MR JMdG. Analyzed the data: EvL BEA FV. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RO JPMC BS FV MR JMdG. Wrote the paper: BEA RO HGvdG WA JPMC BS MR FV EvL JMdG.