About the Authors

Martin Mücke

martin.muecke@ukb.uni-bonn.de

Affiliations Department of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany, Department of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany

Henning Cuhls

Affiliation Department of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany

Lukas Radbruch

Affiliation Department of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany

Tobias Weigl

Affiliation Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany

Roman Rolke

Affiliation Department of Palliative Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have the following interests. Authors M. Mücke and T. Weigl declare a competing interest related to German, European and US patent applications based on a further developed version of the matrix array electrode used in the present study. The patent numbers are DE102011011610 and EP12714940.9-1652 (Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Reduktion von Schmerzen), DE102011120068 (Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum lindern akuter oder chronischer Schmerzzustände); US13/985,241 (Device and Method for Reducing Pain). All patent details are under free access, e.g.: http://www.google.com/patents/DE102011120068A1?cl=de&hl=de. M. Mücke and T. Weigl are shareholders of the company BOMEDUS that was recently founded as a start-up company to develop products for the treatment of chronic pain. For details see: https://bomedus.com. There are no further patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors. All other authors declare that no conflicts of interest exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MM RR. Performed the experiments: MM RR. Analyzed the data: MM HC LR TW RR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MM HC TW LR RR. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: MM HC RR.