About the Authors

Steven A. Safren

ssafren@mgh.harvard.edu

Affiliations Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America, The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, United States of America

Katie B. Biello

Affiliations The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, United States of America, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America

Laura Smeaton

Affiliation Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America

Matthew J. Mimiaga

Affiliations Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America, The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, United States of America, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America

Ann Walawander

Affiliation Frontier Science and Technology Research Foundation, Amherst, NY, United States of America

Javier R. Lama

Affiliation Asociacion Civil Impacta Salud y Educacion, Lima, Peru

Aadia Rana

Affiliation Alpert Medical School/The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, United States of America

Mulinda Nyirenda

Affiliation College of Medicine – Johns Hopkins Research Project, Blantyre, Malawi

Virginia M. Kayoyo

Affiliation University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi

Wadzanai Samaneka

Affiliation University of Zimbabwe-University of California San Francisco Collaborative Research Program, Harare, Zimbabwe

Anjali Joglekar

Affiliation National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India

David Celentano

Affiliation Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Ana Martinez

Affiliation NIH/NIAD/DAIDS Pharmaceutical Affairs, Bethesda, MD, United States of America

Jocelyn E. Remmert

Affiliation Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America

Aspara Nair

Affiliation Frontier Science and Technology Research Foundation, Amherst, NY, United States of America

Umesh G. Lalloo

Affiliation Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, S. Africa

Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy

Affiliation YRGCARE Medical Centre, Chennai, India

James Hakim

Affiliation University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe, Africa

Thomas B. Campbell

Affiliation University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States of America

for the PEARLS (ACTG A5175) Study Team

Membership of PEARLS (ACTG A5157) Study Team is provided in the Acknowledgments

Competing Interests

The authors of this manuscript have read the journal's policy and have the following competing interests: the authors confirm that Javier Lama is on the PLOS ONE Editorial Board. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE Editorial policies and criteria. TBC received an honorarium from Gilead for serving on an advisory board. SAS, KBB, LS, MJM, AW, JRL, AR, MN, VMK, WS, AJ, DV, AM, JER, UGL, NK, and JH have no competing interests to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SAS LS AW DC AM AN NK JH TBC. Analyzed the data: SAS KBB LS MJM. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: SAS KBB LS TBC. Manuscript review and approval: SAS KBB LS MJM AW JRL AR MN VMK WS AJ DC AM JER AN UGL NK JH TBC.