About the Authors

Noa Simon-Delso

simon@cari.be

Affiliations Beekeeping Research and Information Centre, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium, Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Gilles San Martin

Affiliation Plant Protection and Ecotoxicology Unit, Life Sciences Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Gembloux, Belgium

Etienne Bruneau

Affiliation Beekeeping Research and Information Centre, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium

Laure-Anne Minsart

Affiliation Beekeeping Research and Information Centre, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium

Coralie Mouret

Affiliation Beekeeping Research and Information Centre, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium

Louis Hautier

Affiliation Plant Protection and Ecotoxicology Unit, Life Sciences Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Gembloux, Belgium

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NS LH EB. Performed the experiments: NS LH CM. Analyzed the data: GSM LH. Wrote the paper: LH NS LAM GSM.