About the Authors
- Ireen E. Kiwelu
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Affiliations Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre and College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Vladimir Novitsky
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Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Elimsaada Kituma
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Affiliations Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre and College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Reproductive Health Program, Moshi, Tanzania
- Lauren Margolin
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Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Jeannie Baca
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Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Rachel Manongi
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Affiliations Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre and College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Reproductive Health Program, Moshi, Tanzania
- Noel Sam
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Affiliations Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre and College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Reproductive Health Program, Moshi, Tanzania
- John Shao
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Affiliation Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre and College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania
- Mary F. McLane
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Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Saidi H. Kapiga
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Affiliations London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Kilimanjaro Reproductive Health Program, Moshi, Tanzania
- M. Essex
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* E-mail: messex@hsph.harvard.edu
Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: IEK VN RM NS JS MFM SHK ME. Performed the experiments: IEK VN EK LM JB MFM. Analyzed the data: IEK VN EK LM JB MFM ME. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: IEK VN RM NS JS MFM SHK ME. Wrote the paper: IEK VN EK LM JB RM NS JS MFM SHK ME.