About the Authors

Daniel Bengtsson

Affiliation Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden

Alexis Avril

Affiliation Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden

Gunnar Gunnarsson

Affiliation Division of Natural Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden

Johan Elmberg

Affiliation Division of Natural Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden

Pär Söderquist

Affiliation Division of Natural Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden

Gabriel Norevik

Affiliation Ottenby Bird Observatory, Ottenby 401, Degerhamn, Sweden

Conny Tolf

Affiliation Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden

Kamran Safi

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Dept. of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Am Obstberg 1, Radolfzell, Germany and University of Konstanz, Dept. of Biology, Konstanz, Germany

Wolfgang Fiedler

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Dept. of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Am Obstberg 1, Radolfzell, Germany and University of Konstanz, Dept. of Biology, Konstanz, Germany

Martin Wikelski

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Dept. of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Am Obstberg 1, Radolfzell, Germany and University of Konstanz, Dept. of Biology, Konstanz, Germany

Björn Olsen

Affiliation Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Jonas Waldenström

Jonas.Waldenstrom@lnu.se

Affiliation Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DB GG JE KS WF MW BO JW. Performed the experiments: DB AA GG PS GN CT JW. Analyzed the data: DB AA GG JE PS GN CT KS WF MW BO JW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AA KS WF MW BO. Wrote the paper: DB AA GG JE PS GN CT KS WF MW BO JW.