About the Authors

Blanca E. Himes

Contributed equally to this work with: Blanca E. Himes, Xiaofeng Jiang

blanca.himes@channing.harvard.edu (BH); qlu@hsph.harvard.edu (QL)

Affiliations Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Children's Hospital Informatics Program, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Xiaofeng Jiang

Contributed equally to this work with: Blanca E. Himes, Xiaofeng Jiang

Affiliation Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Departments of Environmental Health, and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Peter Wagner

Affiliation Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Departments of Environmental Health, and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ruoxi Hu

Affiliation Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Departments of Environmental Health, and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Qiyu Wang

Affiliation Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Departments of Environmental Health, and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Barbara Klanderman

Affiliation Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Reid M. Whitaker

Affiliation Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Qingling Duan

Affiliation Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jessica Lasky-Su

Affiliation Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Christina Nikolos

Affiliation Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

William Jester

Affiliation Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Martin Johnson

Affiliation Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Reynold A. Panettieri Jr

Affiliation Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Kelan G. Tantisira

Affiliation Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Scott T. Weiss

Affiliations Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Quan Lu

blanca.himes@channing.harvard.edu (BH); qlu@hsph.harvard.edu (QL)

Affiliation Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Departments of Environmental Health, and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BEH XJ RAP QL. Wrote the paper: BEH XJ QL. Analyzed RNA-Seq data: BEH. Analyzed microarray data: BEH RMW. Performed ASM DEX experiments for RNA-Seq: CN WJ MJ. Performed RNA-Seq experiments: PW RH BK. Performed all other experiments: XJ QW. Performed ICS Resistance GWAS: QD JL. Contributed to the overall study concept and design: KGT STW. Edited the manuscript and approved its final draft: BEH XJ PW RH QW BK RMW QD JL CN WJ MJ RAP KGT STW QL.