About the Authors

Yasuteru Kondo

yasuteru@ebony.plala.or.jp

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan

Masashi Ninomiya

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan

Osamu Kimura

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan

Keigo Machida

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Ryo Funayama

Affiliation Division of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan

Takeshi Nagashima

Affiliation Division of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan

Koju Kobayashi

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan

Eiji Kakazu

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan

Takanobu Kato

Affiliation Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

Keiko Nakayama

Affiliation Division of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan

Michael M. C. Lai

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

Tooru Shimosegawa

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YK MN OK TK ML TS. Performed the experiments: YK MN OK KM RF TN KK EK KN. Analyzed the data: YK MN OK TN KN ML TS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KM. Wrote the paper: YK MN TN ML TS.