About the Authors

Teija Parkkari

Affiliations School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Raisa Haavikko

Affiliation Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Tuomo Laitinen

Affiliation School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Dina Navia-Paldanius

Affiliation School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Roosa Rytilahti

Affiliation School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Miia Vaara

Affiliation School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Marko Lehtonen

Affiliation School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Sami Alakurtti

Affiliations Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Helsinki, Finland

Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma

Affiliation Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Tapio Nevalainen

Affiliation School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Juha R. Savinainen

Affiliation School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Jarmo T. Laitinen

jarmo.laitinen@uef.fi

Affiliation School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TP JRS JTL. Performed the experiments: TP TL RH DNP RR MV SA ML. Analyzed the data: TP TL JY-K TN JRS JTL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RH DNP ML TL. Wrote the paper: TP RH JTL.