About the Authors

Jolanta Piszczek

Affiliation Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Muhammad Mamdani

Affiliations Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Applied Health Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Tony Antoniou

Affiliations Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

David N. Juurlink

Affiliations Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Tara Gomes

gomest@smh.ca

Affiliations Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Applied Health Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

Muhammad Mamdani has received honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi-Aventis, Lilly, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck and Bayer. Tony Antoniou has received unrestricted research grants from Merck and Pfizer for different studies. No other authors have any conflicts of interest to report. All the authors confirm that this does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JP MM TA DJ TG. Performed the experiments: TG. Analyzed the data: JP MM TA DJ TG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JP MM TA DJ TG. Wrote the paper: JP MM TA DJ TG. Drafting the article: JP. Revising the article for critically for important intellectual content: MM TA DJ TG. Approval of the final version of the manuscript to be published: JP MM TA JD TG. Accept direct responsibility for the manuscript: JP MM TA JD TG.