About the Authors

Min Liu

Contributed equally to this work with: Min Liu, Rui Zhao

Affiliation School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystems, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China

Rui Zhao

Contributed equally to this work with: Min Liu, Rui Zhao

Affiliation School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystems, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China

Yan Chen

Affiliation Ecological Security and Protection Key laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, Sichuan, China

Jian Zhang

Affiliation School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystems, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China

Stephen G. Compton

Affiliation School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Xiao-Yong Chen

xychens@hotmail.com

Affiliation School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystems, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: ML RZ XYC. Performed the experiments: ML RZ YC JZ. Analyzed the data: XYC ML YC RZ SGC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: XYC. Wrote the paper: ML SGC XYC.