About the Authors

Ari J. S. Ferreira

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

Rania Siam

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

João C. Setubal

Affiliation Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Ahmed Moustafa

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

Ahmed Sayed

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

Felipe S. Chambergo

Affiliation Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Adam S. Dawe

Affiliation Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Mohamed A. Ghazy

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

Hazem Sharaf

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

Amged Ouf

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

Intikhab Alam

Affiliation Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Alyaa M. Abdel-Haleem

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

Heikki Lehvaslaiho

Affiliation Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Eman Ramadan

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

André Antunes

Affiliation Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Portugal

Ulrich Stingl

Affiliation Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

John A. C. Archer

Affiliation Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Boris R. Jankovic

Affiliation Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Mitchell Sogin

Affiliation Josephine Bay Paul Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America

Vladimir B. Bajic

Affiliation Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Hamza El-Dorry

dorry@aucegypt.edu

Affiliation Department of Biology and the Science and Technology Research Center, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt

Competing Interests

Co-authors Ahmed Moustafa, John Archer and Vladimir Bajic are PLOS ONE Editorial Board members. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE Editorial policies and criteria.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AJSF RS JCS AM HD. Performed the experiments: AJSF RS JCS FSC ER AMA HD. Analyzed the data: AJSF JCS HS AMA FSC US VBB HD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AS ASD MAG AO IA HL AA JACA BRJ MS VBB. Wrote the paper: AJSF JCS HD.