About the Authors

Joseph Kagaayi

jxk597@case.edu

Affiliations Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda, Deparment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Ronald H. Gray

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Christopher Whalen

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America

Pingfu Fu

Affiliation Deparment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Duncan Neuhauser

Affiliation Deparment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Janet W. McGrath

Affiliation Department of Anthropology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Nelson K. Sewankambo

Affiliation Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda

David Serwadda

Affiliation Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda

Godfrey Kigozi

Affiliation Deparment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Fred Nalugoda

Affiliation Deparment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Steven J. Reynolds

Affiliations Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Maria J. Wawer

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Mendel E. Singer

Affiliation Deparment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JK RHG CW. Analyzed the data: JK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JK PF. Wrote the paper: JK RHG CW PF DN JWM NKS DS GK FN SJR MJW MES.