About the Authors

Edgar S. Wills

Affiliations School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands, School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Daisy M. A. E. Jonkers

Affiliation School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Paul H. Savelkoul

Affiliation School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Ad A. Masclee

Affiliation School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Marieke J. Pierik

Affiliation School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands

John Penders

j.penders@mumc.nl

Affiliations School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Competing Interests

MP has acted as a consultant for MSD and received payments for lectures from MSD, Falk, Pharma, Abvie and Ferring. The other authors have declared that no competing interests exist. The authors can confirm that the competing interests that they have declared do not alter their adherence to all PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DJ MP AM PS JP. Performed the experiments: EW. Analyzed the data: EW JP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DJ MP. Wrote the paper: EW DJ AM PS MP JP. Drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content: EW DJ AM PS MP JP. Final approval of the version to be published: EW DJ AM PS MP JP.