About the Authors

Jessica J. Connelly

jessica.connelly@virginia.edu

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America

Jean Golding

Affiliation Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Steven P. Gregory

Affiliation Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Susan M. Ring

Affiliation Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

John M. Davis

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

George Davey Smith

Affiliation Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

James C. Harris

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Developmental Neuropsychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

C. Sue Carter

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Marcus Pembrey

Affiliations Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Institute of Child Health, University College, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JJC, JG, JMD, GDS, MP. Performed the experiments: JJC, SMR. Analyzed the data: JG, SPG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SMR. Wrote the manuscript: JG, JJC, MP. Other: Read and commented on different versions of the manuscript: JJC, JG, SPG, SMR, JMD, GDS, JCH, CSC, MP.