About the Authors

Pan Liu

Contributed equally to this work with: Pan Liu, Xiuping Wu

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Xiuping Wu

Contributed equally to this work with: Pan Liu, Xiuping Wu

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Chengshui Liao

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Xiaolei Liu

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Jing Du

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Haining Shi

Affiliation Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital East, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America

Xuelin Wang

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Xue Bai

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Peng Peng

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Lu Yu

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Feng Wang

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Ying Zhao

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Mingyuan Liu

liumy@jlu.edu.cn

Affiliations Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PL X. Wu ML. Performed the experiments: PL CL XL. Analyzed the data: PL JD PP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HS X. Wang XB LY FW YZ ML. Wrote the paper: PL.