About the Authors

Kate D. Halsby

kate.halsby@phe.gov.uk

Affiliation Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom,

Amanda L. Walsh

Affiliation Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom,

Colin Campbell

Affiliation Centre for the Epidemiological Study of Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT) – ICO, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain

Kirsty Hewitt

Affiliations Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom,, London/KSS Specialty School of Public Health, London Deanery, London, United Kingdom

Dilys Morgan

Affiliation Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom,

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DM CC K. Hewitt. Analyzed the data: K. Halsby AW CC. Wrote the paper: K. Halsby CC. Prepared Table 1: K. Halsby AW. Read and commented on draft manuscript: K. Halsby CC K. Hewitt AW DM. Initiated and supervised the development of the paper: DM. Suggested and developed the public health proposals put forward at the end of the discussion section: DM.