About the Authors

Li Lin

Affiliations USDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Research Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sciences Center, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, United States of America

Shulan Tian

Affiliations USDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Research Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sciences Center, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Shawn Kaeppler

Affiliation Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, United States of America

Zongrang Liu

Affiliation USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America

Yong-Qiang (Charles) An

yong-qiang.an@ars.usda.gov

Affiliation USDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Research Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sciences Center, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YQCA LL. Performed the experiments: YQCA LL. Analyzed the data: YQCA LL ST. Wrote the paper: YQCA LL ST SK ZL.