About the Authors

Nick De Regge

nick.deregge@coda-cerva.be

Affiliation Operational Direction Viral Diseases, CODA-CERVA, Brussel, Belgium

Maxime Madder

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

Isra Deblauwe

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

Bertrand Losson

Affiliation Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium

Christiane Fassotte

Affiliation Life Science Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Center (CRA-W), Gembloux, Belgium

Julie Demeulemeester

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

François Smeets

Affiliation Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium

Marie Tomme

Affiliation Life Science Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Center (CRA-W), Gembloux, Belgium

Ann Brigitte Cay

Affiliation Operational Direction Viral Diseases, CODA-CERVA, Brussel, Belgium

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NDR MM ID BL CF ABC. Performed the experiments: NDR ID JD FS MT. Analyzed the data: NDR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NDR MM ID BL CF ABC. Wrote the paper: NDR. Morphologically identified the Culicoides: ID JD FS MT.