About the Authors

Odin Goovaerts

ogoovaerts@itg.be

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Wim Jennes

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

Marguerite Massinga-Loembé

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambarene, Gabon, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

Ann Ceulemans

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

William Worodria

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda, Infectious Diseases Network for Treatment and Research in Africa (INTERACT), Kampala, Uganda

Harriet Mayanja-Kizza

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda

Robert Colebunders

Affiliations Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Luc Kestens

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

the TB-IRIS Study Group

Membership of TB-IRIS study group is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: OG. Performed the experiments: OG AC. Analyzed the data: OG WJ. Wrote the manuscript: OG WJ. Project management: MML WW HMK RC LK. Study physicians: WW RC.