About the Authors

Brett A. McKinney

brett.mckinney@gmail.com

Affiliations Tandy School of Computer Science, Department of Mathematics, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States of America, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States of America

Bill C. White

Affiliation Tandy School of Computer Science, Department of Mathematics, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States of America

Diane E. Grill

Affiliations Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Peter W. Li

Affiliations Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Richard B. Kennedy

Affiliations Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Gregory A. Poland

Affiliations Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Ann L. Oberg

Affiliations Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Competing Interests

Dr. Poland is the chair of a Safety Evaluation Committee for investigational vaccine trials being conducted by Merck Research Laboratories. Dr. Poland offers consultative advice on vaccine development to Merck & Co. Inc., CSL Biotherapies, Avianax, Sanofi Pasteur, Dynavax, Novartis Vaccines and Therapeutics, and PAXVAX Inc. These activities have been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and are conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policies. This research has been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and was conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policies. The other authors declare that no competing interets exist. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BAM ALO DEG BCW PWL. Analyzed the data: BCW DEG RBK. Wrote the paper: BAM ALO PWL GAP.