About the Authors

Xiaofei Li

Contributed equally to this work with: Xiaofei Li, Jing Wang, Wei Wang

Affiliation Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE and MOH, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Jing Wang

Contributed equally to this work with: Xiaofei Li, Jing Wang, Wei Wang

Affiliations Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE and MOH, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China

Wei Wang

Contributed equally to this work with: Xiaofei Li, Jing Wang, Wei Wang

Affiliation Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE and MOH, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Chunhong Liu

Affiliation Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE and MOH, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Shuhui Sun

Affiliation Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE and MOH, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Jianxin Gu

Affiliation Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Xun Wang

Affiliation Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China

Diana Boraschi

Affiliation Laboratory of Cytokines, Unit of Immunobiology, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy

Yuxian Huang

dqu@fudan.edu.cn (DQ); yxhuang@fudan.edu.cn (YH)

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Di Qu

dqu@fudan.edu.cn (DQ); yxhuang@fudan.edu.cn (YH)

Affiliation Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE and MOH, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: XL JW. Performed the experiments: JW. Analyzed the data: XL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: XL JW WW CL JG XW DB YH. Wrote the manuscript: XL DQ. Designed the software used in analysis: SS.