About the Authors

Shawn A. Steffan

steffan2@wisc.edu

Affiliations USDA-ARS, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Yoshito Chikaraishi

Affiliation Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan

David R. Horton

Affiliation USDA-ARS Yakima Area Research Laboratory, Wapato, Washington, United States of America

Naohiko Ohkouchi

Affiliation Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan

Merritt E. Singleton

Affiliation Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Eugene Miliczky

Affiliation USDA-ARS Yakima Area Research Laboratory, Wapato, Washington, United States of America

David B. Hogg

Affiliation Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Vincent P. Jones

Affiliation Department of Entomology, Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SAS YC. Performed the experiments: SAS YC DRH NO MES DBH EM VPJ. Analyzed the data: SAS YC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SAS YC NO DBH VPJ. Wrote the manuscript: SAS YC.