About the Authors

Shiow-Ling Wu

Affiliations Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Center for Research and Diagnostics, Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan

Sheng-Chang Wang

Affiliation Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan

Hsiao-Hui Tsou

Affiliation Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan

Hsiang-Wei Kuo

Affiliation Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan

Ing-Kang Ho

Affiliations Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

Sheng-Wen Liu

Affiliation Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan

Ya-Ting Hsu

Affiliation Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan

Yao-Sheng Chang

Affiliation Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan

Yu-Li Liu

ylliou@nhri.org.tw

Affiliations Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, Graduate Institute of Drug Safety, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: IKH YLL. Performed the experiments: HWK. Analyzed the data: HHT SWL YTH YSC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SCW HHT. Wrote the paper: SLW YLL. Recruited patients and carried out the clinical assessments: SCW. Initiated the study and participated in study design: IKH.