About the Authors

Yong Wang

Affiliation School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

Zhiben Jiang

Affiliation College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

Zhenyu Jin

Affiliation College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

Hua Tan

Affiliation College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

Bing Xu

* Email: bingxu@tsinghua.edu.cn

Affiliations School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BX YW. Performed the experiments: YW Z. Jiang Z. Jin HT BX. Analyzed the data: YW Z. Jiang Z. Jin HT BX. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: BX YW. Wrote the manuscript: YW BX Z. Jiang Z. Jin HT.