About the Authors

Yukiko Mizutani

Affiliation Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Hui Sun

Affiliation Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Yusuke Ohno

Affiliation Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Takayuki Sassa

Affiliation Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Takeshi Wakashima

Affiliation Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Mari Obara

Affiliation Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Kohei Yuyama

Affiliation Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Akio Kihara

yigarash@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp (YI); kihara@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp (AK)

Affiliation Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Yasuyuki Igarashi

yigarash@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp (YI); kihara@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp (AK)

Affiliation Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YM YO AK YI. Performed the experiments: YM HS YO TS TW. Analyzed the data: YM YO TS AK YI. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: YM HS YO TS TW MO KY AK. Wrote the paper: YM AK YI.