About the Authors

Robert S. Schick

rss5@st-andrews.ac.uk

Affiliations Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modeling, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, United Kingdom

Scott D. Kraus

Affiliation John H. Prescott Marine Laboratory, New England Aquarium, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Rosalind M. Rolland

Affiliation John H. Prescott Marine Laboratory, New England Aquarium, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Amy R. Knowlton

Affiliation John H. Prescott Marine Laboratory, New England Aquarium, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Philip K. Hamilton

Affiliation John H. Prescott Marine Laboratory, New England Aquarium, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Heather M. Pettis

Affiliation John H. Prescott Marine Laboratory, New England Aquarium, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Robert D. Kenney

Affiliation Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, United States of America

James S. Clark

Affiliation Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RSS SDK RMR ARK PKH HMP JSC. Analyzed the data: RSS SDK RMR ARK PKH HMP RDK JSC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RDK. Wrote the paper: RSS SDK RMR ARK PKH HMP RDK JSC. Wrote the computer code for the analysis: JSC RSS.