About the Authors

Benoit J. Smagghe

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Andrew K. Stewart

Contributed equally to this work with: Andrew K. Stewart, Mark G. Carter

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Mark G. Carter

Contributed equally to this work with: Andrew K. Stewart, Mark G. Carter

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Laura M. Shelton

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Kyle J. Bernier

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Eric J. Hartman

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Amy K. Calhoun

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Vasilios M. Hatziioannou

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Gabriele Lillacci

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America

Brian A. Kirk

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Brian A. DiNardo

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Kenneth S. Kosik

Affiliation The Neuroscience Research Institute and the Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America

Cynthia Bamdad

cbamdad@minervabio.com

Affiliation Minerva Biotechnologies, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

CB is CEO and a share holder of Minerva Biotechnologies. KSK is a share holder and board member of Minerva Biotechnologies and a consultant to Amgen and Noscira. BJS, LMS, MGC, EJH, KJB, BAD, AKS, AKC, VMH and BAK are employees and hold stock options for shares in Minerva Biotechnologies. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CB BJS. Performed the experiments: BJS AKS MGC LMS KJB EJH AKC VMH GL BAK BAD. Analyzed the data: CB BJS AKS MGC LMS BAD KSK. Wrote the paper: CB BJS KSK.