About the Authors

Xiaoduan Tang

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America

Shen Xu

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America

Xinwei Wang

xwang3@iastate.edu

Affiliations Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Supervised the research: XW. Conceived and designed the experiments: XT XW. Performed the experiments: XT SX. Analyzed the data: XT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: XT XW. Wrote the paper: XT XW.