About the Authors

Emanuela Foglia

Affiliation CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo - LIUC, Castellanza, Varese, Italy

Paolo Bonfanti

Affiliation Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy

Giuliano Rizzardini

Affiliation First and Second Departments of Infectious Diseases, L. Sacco Hospital Authority, Milan, Italy

Erminio Bonizzoni

Affiliation Department of Occupational Health Clinica L. Devoto Labour, Section of Medical Statistics and Biometry G.A. Maccacaro, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

Umberto Restelli

urestelli@liuc.it

Affiliations CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo - LIUC, Castellanza, Varese, Italy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Elena Ricci

Affiliation First and Second Departments of Infectious Diseases, L. Sacco Hospital Authority, Milan, Italy

Emanuele Porazzi

Affiliation CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo - LIUC, Castellanza, Varese, Italy

Francesca Scolari

Affiliation CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo - LIUC, Castellanza, Varese, Italy

Davide Croce

Affiliations CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo - LIUC, Castellanza, Varese, Italy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Competing Interests

An unconditional grant was received by Abbott Italy, to cover the costs for the reprocessing of data. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Critical revision of the article: GR FS DC. Conceived and designed the experiments: EF PB GR EB ER EP DC. Performed the experiments: EF EB UR FS. Analyzed the data: EF PB GR UR ER EP FS DC. Wrote the paper: EF PB EB UR ER EP.