About the Authors

Qi Wang

Contributed equally to this work with: Qi Wang, Bin Li, Alan K. L. Tsang

Affiliation CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Bin Li

Contributed equally to this work with: Qi Wang, Bin Li, Alan K. L. Tsang

Affiliation CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Alan K. L. Tsang

Contributed equally to this work with: Qi Wang, Bin Li, Alan K. L. Tsang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China

Yong Yi

Affiliation The 306 Hospital, Beijing, China

Patrick C. Y. Woo

liucuihua@im.ac.cn (CHL); pcywoo@hkucc.hku.hk (PCYW)

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China

Cui Hua Liu

liucuihua@im.ac.cn (CHL); pcywoo@hkucc.hku.hk (PCYW)

Affiliation CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Competing Interests

This study was largely supported by research grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China and Chinese Academy of Sciences, while the Merieux Research Grant acknowledged in this manuscript only partially contributed to this study. In addition, no competing interests and any other relevant declarations relating to employment, consultancy, patents, products in development or marketed products etc. are associated with this manuscript. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CHL PCYW. Performed the experiments: QW BL YY CHL. Analyzed the data: QW BL AKLT PCYW CHL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: YY PCYW CHL. Wrote the paper: CHL.