About the Authors

Robert J. Paproski

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Sylvia Y. M. Yao

Affiliations Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Nicole Favis

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

David Evans

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

James D. Young

Affiliations Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Carol E. Cass

Affiliations Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Roger J. Zemp

rzemp@ualberta.ca

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Competing Interests

Although the authors have received funding from Microsystems Technology, these funds were for another research project which does not involve the work presented in the Cover Letter submitted manuscript. This does not alter the authors‚ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Performed most of the experiments, wrote the initial manuscript draft: RJP. Helped plan and performed all oocyte transport assays: SY. Planned and performed the bioluminescence imaging experiments: NF. Revised manuscript critically for intellectual content: SY NF DE JY CC RZ. Given approval for final version of manuscript: RJP SY NF DE JY CC RZ. Conceived and designed the experiments: RJP DE JY CC RZ. Performed the experiments: RJP SY NF. Analyzed the data: RJP SY NF DE JY CC RZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DE JY CC RZ. Wrote the paper: RJP SY NF DE JY CC RZ.