About the Authors
- Teresa N. Hollingsworth
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Contributed equally to this work with: Teresa N. Hollingsworth, Jill F. Johnstone
* E-mail: thollingsworth@fs.fed.us
Affiliation USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
- Jill F. Johnstone
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Contributed equally to this work with: Teresa N. Hollingsworth, Jill F. Johnstone
Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Emily L. Bernhardt
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Affiliation Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
- F. Stuart Chapin III
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Affiliation Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: TNH JFJ FSC ELB. Performed the experiments: ELB TNH FSC. Analyzed the data: TNH JFJ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TNH JFJ FSC ELB. Wrote the paper: TNH JFJ FSC.