About the Authors

Imane Khireddine

Affiliation INSERM U953 Epidemiological Research Unit on Perinatal Health and Women’s and Children’s Health, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris6, Paris, France

Camille Le Ray

Affiliations INSERM U953 Epidemiological Research Unit on Perinatal Health and Women’s and Children’s Health, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris6, Paris, France, Maternité de Port-Royal, Groupe hospitalier Cochin-Broca –Hôtel Dieu, assistance publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France

Corinne Dupont

Affiliation Aurore Perinatal network, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, EA 4129 Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France

René-Charles Rudigoz

Affiliation Aurore Perinatal network, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, EA 4129 Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France

Marie-Hélène Bouvier-Colle

Affiliation INSERM U953 Epidemiological Research Unit on Perinatal Health and Women’s and Children’s Health, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris6, Paris, France

Catherine Deneux-Tharaux

catherine.deneux-tharaux@inserm.fr(CDT)

Affiliation INSERM U953 Epidemiological Research Unit on Perinatal Health and Women’s and Children’s Health, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris6, Paris, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CLR CD RCR MHBC CDT. Performed the experiments: CD CDT. Analyzed the data: IK CLR CDT. Wrote the paper: IK CLR CD RCR MHBC CDT.