About the Authors

Weidong Zhang

Affiliations Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, PR China, Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, Huitong, PR China

Xiaofeng Wang

Affiliations Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, PR China, Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, Huitong, PR China, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Silong Wang

slwang@iae.cas.cn

Affiliations Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, PR China, Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, Huitong, PR China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: WZ SW. Performed the experiments: XW WZ. Analyzed the data: SW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SW. Wrote the paper: WZ.