About the Authors

Chinatsu Maita

Affiliation Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Hiroshi Maita

Affiliation Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Sanae M. M. Iguchi-Ariga

Affiliation Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Hiroyoshi Ariga

hiro@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp

Affiliation Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceptualized the study: HA HM SI-A. Performed the experiments: CM. Analyzed the data: CM HM SI-A HA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CM HM SI-A HA. Wrote the paper: HA.