About the Authors

Lei Ye

Contributed equally to this work with: Lei Ye, Sophia Zhang

Affiliations Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Sophia Zhang

Contributed equally to this work with: Lei Ye, Sophia Zhang

Affiliation Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Lucas Greder

Affiliation Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

James Dutton

Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Susan A. Keirstead

Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Mike Lepley

Affiliation Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Liying Zhang

Affiliations Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Dan Kaufman

Affiliation Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Jianyi Zhang

zhang047@umn.edu

Affiliations Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LY SZ JZ. Performed the experiments: LY SZ LG JD ML LZ SK. Analyzed the data: LY SZ LZ JZ SK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LG JD ML DK JZ. Wrote the paper: LY SZ JZ.