About the Authors

David P. Livingston III

dpl@ncsu.edu

Affiliations United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America

Cynthia A. Henson

Affiliations United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Tan D. Tuong

Affiliations United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America

Mitchell L. Wise

Affiliations United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Shyamalrau P. Tallury

Affiliation Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America

Stanley H. Duke

Affiliation Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DPL. Performed the experiments: TDT MLW SPT DPL. Analyzed the data: CAH SHD DPL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DPL TDT. Wrote the paper: DPL CAH SHD.