About the Authors

Shih-Wen Lin

lins4@mail.nih.gov

Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Arpita Ghosh

Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Carolina Porras

Affiliation Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, Guanacaste, Costa Rica

Sarah C. Markt

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ana Cecilia Rodriguez

Affiliation Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, Guanacaste, Costa Rica

Mark Schiffman

Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Sholom Wacholder

Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Troy J. Kemp

Affiliation HPV Immunology Laboratory, SAIC-Frederick Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Ligia A. Pinto

Affiliation HPV Immunology Laboratory, SAIC-Frederick Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Paula Gonzalez

Affiliation Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, Guanacaste, Costa Rica

Nicolas Wentzensen

Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Mark T. Esser

Affiliation MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America

Katie Matys

Affiliation PPD Vaccines and Biologics Center of Excellence, Wayne, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Ariane Meuree

Affiliation GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium

Wim Quint

Affiliation DDL Diagnostic Laboratory, Voorburg, The Netherlands

Leen-Jan van Doorn

Affiliation DDL Diagnostic Laboratory, Voorburg, The Netherlands

Rolando Herrero

Affiliation Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France

Allan Hildesheim

Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Mahboobeh Safaeian

Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Costa Rican Vaccine Trial Group

Membership of the Costa Rican Vaccine Trial Group is provided in the Acknowledgments

Competing Interests

This study was conducted with the support from the Ministry of Health of Costa Rica. Vaccine was provided for the trial by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals (GSK), under a Clinical Trials Agreement with the NCI. GSK also provided support for aspects of the trial associated with regulatory submission needs of the company under FDA BB-IND 7920. One or more of the authors are employed by a commercial company. These include: Mark T. Esser, MedImmune; Katie Matys, PPD Vaccines and Biologics Center of Excellence; Ariane Meuree, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals; Wim Quint, DDL Diagnostic Laboratory; and Leen-Jan van Doorn, DDL Diagnostic Laboratory. No other financial disclosures were reported. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SWL AG CP SCM ACR M. Schiffman SW LAP RH AH M. Safaeian. Performed the experiments: CP ACR PG MTE KM TJK AM WQ LV. Analyzed the data: SWL AG SW M. Safaeian. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: M. Schiffman SW NW MTE KM AM WQ LV. Wrote the paper: SWL.