About the Authors

Frances Ibison

Affiliations Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya, University of Birmingham Medical School, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Ally Olotu

Affiliation Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya

Daniel M. Muema

Affiliation Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya

Jedida Mwacharo

Affiliation Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya

Eric Ohuma

Affiliation Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya

Domtila Kimani

Affiliation Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya

Kevin Marsh

Affiliations Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom

Philip Bejon

Affiliations Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom

Francis M. Ndungu

FNdungu@kemri-wellcome.org

Affiliations Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: FMN FI DMM PB KM. Performed the experiments: FI DMM JM DK FMN. Analyzed the data: FI AO EO PB KM FMN. Wrote the paper: FI AO PB FMN.