About the Authors

Caroline H. Orr

Current address: School of Science and Engineering, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom

Affiliation Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, United Kingdom

Carlo Leifert

Affiliation Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Nafferton Farm, Stocksfield, Northumberland, United Kingdom

Stephen P. Cummings

stephen.cummings@unn.ac.uk

Affiliation Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, United Kingdom

Julia M. Cooper

Affiliation Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Nafferton Farm, Stocksfield, Northumberland, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CHO JMC SPC CL. Performed the experiments: CHO. Analyzed the data: CHO JMC SPC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SPC CL JMC. Wrote the paper: SPC CHO JMC.